A spinal tumor refers to an abnormal growth of tissue within or around the spinal cord. These tumors can be classified into two main categories:
- Primary spinal tumors: These begin in the spine or spinal cord itself. They can originate from nerve tissue, bone, or the membranes surrounding the spinal cord (called meninges).
- Secondary (metastatic) spinal tumors: These are tumors that spread to the spine from other parts of the body, like the lungs, breast, or prostate.
Symptoms of a spinal tumor can vary depending on its location and size, but they often include:
- Back pain, which may be persistent and worsen over time
- Numbness, weakness, or tingling in the limbs
- Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
- Loss of bladder or bowel control in some cases
- Muscle weakness or paralysis in severe cases
The exact cause of spinal tumors is not always clear, though genetic factors, radiation exposure, and certain inherited conditions may contribute to the risk.
Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like MRI or CT scans, and in some cases, a biopsy may be required to determine the tumor’s nature.
Treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient’s overall health. Options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.